Validated Non-animal Alternatives
None yet validated.
ECVAM recently concluded pre-validation studies of three cell transformation assays (CTA) for carcinogenicity testing. The three assays are: CTA in SHE cells at pH 6.7, CTA in SHE cells at pH 7.0, and CTA in Balb/c 3T3 cell line. The results from the pre-validation studies are currently undergoing ECVAM Scientific Advisory Committee (ESAC) peer review.
OECD Document No. 31, "Detailed Review Paper on Cell Transformation Assays for Detection of Chemical Carcinogens" (2007), also describes these in vitro methods.
Information on in vitro methods being developed for carcinogenicity testing can be found in Toxicity Endpoints & Tests: Carcinogenicity.
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