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Non-animal Methods for Toxicity Testing

References


Last Updated: December 6, 2007
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Becker, R.A., Borgert, C.J., Webb, S., et al. (2006). Report of an ISRTP Workshop: Progress and barriers to incorporating alternative toxicological methods in the US. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 46, 18–22. Available here.

Blaauboer, B.J., Balls, M., Barratt, M., et al. (1998). 13th meeting of the Scientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals (SGOMSEC): alternative testing methodologies and conceptual issues. Environ. Health Perspect. 106, Suppl. 2, 413–418.

Daston, G.P. & McNamee, P. (2005). Alternatives to toxicity testing in animals: Challenges and opportunities. Essay on toxicity testing in animals. Environ. Health Perspect. Available here.

Goldberg, A.M. & Hartung, T. (2006). Protecting more than animals: Reducing animal suffering often has the unexpected benefit of yielding more rigorous safety tests. Sci. Am. 294, 84-91.

International Society of Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology (ISRTP). (2005). Progress and barriers to incorporating alternative toxicological methods in the U.S. ISRTP Workshop proceedings. Available here.